Inhomogeneity in planar ventilation scintigraphy of emphysematous patients

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a method for the quantification of inhomogeneity in ventilation scintigraphy. Ten healthy volunteers and 10 emphysematous patients were investigated. Anteroposterior (AP) and posteroanterior (PA) images of planar ventilation scintigraphy were acquired. Lung regions of interest (ROI) were obtained by manual delineation of the lung contours and then divided into several 10-pixel-high horizontal-stripe regions. By allowing for the statistical noise of the pixel count rate, the biological coefficient of variation (CVB) of the pixel counts in each stripe region was calculated. The apex-to-base distribution of the CVB in the emphysematous lungs dispersed largely and with higher values than the corresponding distribution in the healthy lungs. The mean values of the CVB (MCVB), the ranges of the CVB (RCVB) and the maximum values of the CVB (MAXCVB) in the stripe regions in emphysematous lungs were significantly higher than the corresponding ones in the healthy lungs (all P<0·001). The intraobserver variations of the MCVB, RCVB and MAXCVB (calculated using the standard deviations of the differences) were less than 2·3% units, 5·2% units and 3·9% units respectively. The corresponding values for interobserver variation were 5·7% units, 6·1% units and 6·4% units. A systematic decrease in lung ROI size, i.e. inclusion of successively less of the lung edge, resulted in a linear decrease of 1·7% units in the MCVB and MAXCVB of both emphysematous and normal lungs. In conclusion, the stripe-region method is a reliable tool for the quantification of inhomogeneity in the planar ventilation scintigraphy.     

应用高速逆流层析分离大黄羟基蒽醌甙元

应用我国研制的89-A型高速逆流层析仪,以正己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水(9:1:5:5)为溶剂系统,上相为固定相,下相为流动相,凭借UV和TLC检测,从中药大黄的总羟基蒽醌甙元分得大黄酸、芦荟大黄素和大黄素三个单体成分,一个未知成分及一个混合成分(大黄酚和大黄素甲醚)。分离效果良好,操作简便。     

~(99m)TC涎腺显像的临床评价(附43例报告)

在本组43例~(99m)Tc 涎腺显像中(25例良性肿瘤,12例恶性肿瘤,5例慢性腮腺炎及1例结核性腮腺淋巴结炎),42例腮腺及1例颁下腺均显示在涎腺显像图中.照相显像均显示了良性或恶性涎腺肿瘤的大小、范围及部位,无假阴性.相比之下,涎腺造影有3例假阴性.本文表明虽然~(99m)Tc 涎腺显像对腮腺Warthin 瘤无特异性,不能鉴别涎腺良、恶性肿瘤,但该检查是一种安全而简单的诊断技术,且比常规涎腺造影敏感.与涎腺造影对照有助于炎症与肿瘸、良性肿瘤与恶性肿瘤的鉴别.     

抗——SOD单抗快速一步测定法的建立应用研究

目的　探讨抗—SOD单抗快速一步测定法的价值。方法　通过对反应温度的选择 ,建立抗—SOD快速一步测定法测定正常人群、糖尿病患者、恶性肿瘤患者及脑梗死患者的SOD含量。结果　ELISA快速一步测定法与常规ELISA测定法的结果相比具有良好的相关性 (r =0 993 ) ;正常对照组SOD含量随年龄的增长而增高 ;疾病组SOD含量与正常对照组相比具有显著性差异 (P值 <0 .0 5)。结论　快速一步测定法优于常规ELISA测定法。     

高速涡轮牙钻及微创拔牙刀在阻生智齿拔除术中的应用效果

目的 探究高速涡轮牙钻及微创拔牙刀在阻生智齿拔除术中的应用效果。方法 选取2016年12月至2017年12月行阻生智齿拔除术的患者70例，根据拔牙方法将患者分为对照组（35例）与微创组（35例），对照组采取常规拔牙方法，微创组采取高速涡轮牙钻及微创拔牙刀拔牙。比较两组的手术指标（拔牙完整性、张口受限度、肿胀度、手术时间）、疼痛程度、并发症发生情况和术后生活质量（心理职能、生理功能、躯体疼痛、活力）。结果 微创组患者的拔牙完整性、张口受限度、肿胀度、手术时间4项手术指标均优于对照组（P均<0.05）。微创组和对照组患者治疗前的疼痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），治疗后微创组VAS评分较对照组下降（P<0.05）。微创组并发症总发生率为11.43%（4/35），低于对照组[34.29%（12/35），P<0.05]。微创组术后3个月的心理职能等生活质量各项评分均高于对照组（P均<0.05）。结论 阻生智齿拔除术中应用高速涡轮牙钻及微创拔牙刀可有效提高治疗效果、减少并发症发生。     

水中平板运动对脑卒中后偏瘫患者平衡功能的影响和机制研究

目的：研究水中平板运动对亚急性期偏瘫患者平衡功能的影响及其机制。方法：选取首次发病的偏瘫患者34例,分为观察组17例接受水中平板运动及陆上运动训练,对照组17例接受陆上运动训练;选取13例健康青年男性作为健康参照组。研究开始前、4周后,测量2组患者的Berg平衡量表（BBS）评分,两侧腹横肌厚度,患侧下肢股直肌、胫前肌和腓肠肌厚度,计算两侧腹横肌厚度比及患侧下肢主要抗重力肌群增厚比。腹横肌厚度、BBS评分等计量资料进行参数检验,腹横肌厚度比、下肢主要抗重力肌群增厚比等比值资料进行非参数检验,BBS评分与下肢抗重力肌群增厚比进行非参数相关性分析。结果：治疗4周后,2组两侧腹横肌厚度及BBS评分均较治疗前显著提高(均P<0.01);观察组患侧腹横肌厚度较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组患者腹横肌厚度比均低于健康组(均P＜0.05) 。治疗后,2组患者及健康组3组间均差异无统计学意义,观察组患者患侧下肢主要肌群增厚比较对照组有显著提高(均P<0.05),观察组下肢股直肌增厚比与胫前肌、外侧腓肠肌增厚比呈负相关(P＜0.05) ,胫前肌与外侧腓肠肌增厚比呈正相关(P＜0.05),2组患者BBS评分与各下肢肌群增厚比无显著相关性。结论：水中平板运动和陆上运动训练均可以提高偏瘫患者的平衡功能,水中平板运动可以有效提高患侧腹横肌厚度,改善异常的腹横肌形态,增强下肢主要抗重力肌群力量,改善步态。     

辅助方法在侵袭性骨肿瘤手术安全切缘形成中的意义

目的评价高速磨钻及石炭酸在侵袭性良性骨肿瘤手术安全切缘形成中的作用。方法 38例侵袭性良性骨肿瘤患者随机分为A、B两组,两组均首先行肿瘤刮除术,瘤腔分不同方向取第一次活检。A组20例在直视下高速磨钻磨除瘤腔壁表面骨嵴深及2～4mm,取第二次活检;B组18例瘤腔石炭酸烧灼,分不同方向取第二次活检。两组骨缺损填充材料包括自体骨、同种异体骨或骨水泥等。术后观察植骨融合、关节功能、并发症及局部复发、转移等。所有标本病理学观察手术切缘瘤组织的残存。统计学处理分析两种方法的优劣。结果辅助处理前两组70%的骨栓中存在肿瘤组织。经石炭酸处理后,20%病例的切缘中仍可见肿瘤组织,经磨钻处理后切缘中未发现肿瘤组织。术后随访12～38个月(平均26个月),A组无复发和远处转移,B组有4例局部复发,无远处转移。术后关节功能均无受限。A组无切口感染,B组切口早期炎性反应2例。A组病理骨折1例,B组病理骨折2例。最后随访时两组植骨病例均获融合。结论高速磨钻可扩大手术切除范围,达到边缘切除的效果,提高手术疗效。     

Macro-video documentation patch tests

An unequivocal distinction between allergic and irritant patch test reactions is often difficult with patch tests. This study was designed to evaluate the worth of video-macro camera documentation for differentiation between allergic and irritant test reactions and to investigate whether there are characteristic clinical differences in patch test responses between metal salts and fragrances. Patch testing was performed with nickel sulfate, fragrance mix and an irritant, sodium lauryl sulfate 1% aq., on the upper back of 82 patients, with evaluation and computer-aided video documentation after 48 and 72 hr. No reliable clinicomorphological criterion was found for assessing a weak patch test reaction as being definitely allergic. Even characteristic papules and vesicles were not regularly found in allergic reactions. However, unlike fragrance mix, patch test reactions to nickel sulfate were characteristic in that they showed a heterogeneous spread and an association with hair follicle openings, independent of reaction intensity. Evaluation based on additional computer-aided video-macro camera documentation did not add further advantage for the differentiation of allergic and irritant reactions. But well-defined clinicomorphological features and reaction patterns to single test substances or even whole substance categories could be helpful additional criteria for evaluating patch test responses in clinical practice.